Changes for page Sensor Module

Last modified by Heimir Thordarson on 2026/07/05 12:56

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From 58.1 to 57.3 From 61.3 to 61.2

From version 61.2

edited by Heimir Thordarson
on 2026/02/23 17:40

Change comment: There is no comment for this version

To version 58.1

edited by Heimir Thordarson
on 2026/02/09 19:56

Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  The Sensor module is designed to measure any extra analog signals rear of the firewall. For AR26, the module is designed to measure two suspension displacement sensors, two oil temperature, four water pressure, four water temperature, and one air temperature sensor. All of the measurements are then transmitted to a CAN network, which there are two of.
--= Design =
++= Wiring Diagram =
  In the following section, how the sensor module is connected will be covered. The connector for the sensor module is a [[High-Density d'sub-44>>https://www.te.com/en/product-2311770-1.html]] which is directly solderen onto the circuit board. The plug needed for this system is the [[204517-3>>doc:Sandbox.TestPage3]], which uses crimps instead of solder cups which is common for the dsub connectors
@@ -66,46 +66,6 @@
  |(% style="width:71px" %)14|(% style="width:164px" %)CAN High 1|(% style="width:124px" %)CAN|(% style="width:70px" %)29|(% style="width:218px" %)CAN Low 2|(% style="width:58px" %)CAN|(% style="width:32px" %)44|(% style="width:192px" %)Main Power|(% style="width:90px" %)+24V
  |(% style="width:71px" %)15|(% style="width:164px" %)CAN Low 1|(% style="width:124px" %)CAN|(% style="width:70px" %)30|(% style="width:218px" %)CAN High 2|(% style="width:58px" %)CAN|(% style="width:32px" %) |(% style="width:192px" %) |(% style="width:90px" %)
--== Microcontroller Pinout ==
--
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--
--
--
  == Air Temperature Sensor ==
  The air temperature sensor will be used to have a dynamic reference setpoint for the cooling system. This could reduce the current draw from the low voltage system compared to having a fixed reference point. This is because the regulator will not try to cool the water to a temperature lower than the ambient temperature. The sensor works as a resistor which varies depending on its temperature. Where in this case, the resistance lowers when the temperature increases (NTC). To make the microcontroller able to measure the changes in resistance, the thermistor is put into a voltage divider circuit.
@@ -126,10 +126,10 @@
  Where:
--* {{mathjax}}\(R_f\){{/mathjax}}= The upper resistor in the voltage divider which stays fixed, which in this case is 4.7k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}}
--* {{mathjax}}\(V_{out}\){{/mathjax}}= The voltage over the thermistor, and the voltage that the microcontroller will measure.
--* {{mathjax}}\(V_{in}\){{/mathjax}}= The supply voltage of the voltage divider, which in this case is a constant 3.3 {{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}}
--* {{mathjax}}\(R_T\){{/mathjax}}= Resistance of the thermistor
++* {{mathjax}}\(R_f\){{/mathjax}} = The upper resistor in the voltage divider which stays fixed, which in this case is 4.7k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}}
++* {{mathjax}}\(V_{out}\){{/mathjax}} = The voltage over the thermistor, and the voltage that the microcontroller will measure.
++* {{mathjax}}\(V_{in}\){{/mathjax}} = The supply voltage of the voltage divider, which in this case is a constant 3.3 {{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}}
++* {{mathjax}}\(R_T\){{/mathjax}} = Resistance of the thermistor
  Knowing this, the resistance of the thermistor can be added into the following equation. This will determine the temperature of the thermistor based on the known resistance and the beta value of the thermistor.
@@ -144,10 +144,10 @@
  where:
--* {{mathjax}}\(\beta\){{/mathjax}}= material constant that defines the steepness of its resistance-temperature curve between two temperature points, usually 25/85 degrees celsius. In this case it is 3694 //**K.**//
--* {{mathjax}}\(T_0\){{/mathjax}}= The test temperature at which the thermistor is 10k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}}, which in this case is 25 degrees celsius.
--* {{mathjax}}\(R_0\){{/mathjax}}= The resistance of the thermistor when it is 25 degrees celsius.
--* {{mathjax}}\(R_T\){{/mathjax}}= The live resistance of the thermistor.
++* {{mathjax}}\(\beta\){{/mathjax}} = material constant that defines the steepness of its resistance-temperature curve between two temperature points, usually 25/85 degrees celsius. In this case it is 3694 //**K.**//
++* {{mathjax}}\(T_0\){{/mathjax}} = The test temperature at which the thermistor is 10k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}}, which in this case is 25 degrees celsius.
++* {{mathjax}}\(R_0\){{/mathjax}} = The resistance of the thermistor when it is 25 degrees celsius.
++* {{mathjax}}\(R_T\){{/mathjax}} = The live resistance of the thermistor.
  === Filtering ===
@@ -164,9 +164,9 @@
  Where:
--* {{mathjax}}\(F_c\){{/mathjax}}= Cut-off frequency of the filter. Any noise with a frequency above this will be filtered out.
--* {{mathjax}}\(R\){{/mathjax}}= Resistance of the resistor in low-pass filter.
--* {{mathjax}}\(C\){{/mathjax}}= Capacitance of the capacitor in the low-pass filter.
++* {{mathjax}}\(F_c\){{/mathjax}} = Cut-off frequency of the filter. Any noise with a frequency above this will be filtered out.
++* {{mathjax}}\(R\){{/mathjax}} = Resistance of the resistor in low-pass filter.
++* {{mathjax}}\(C\){{/mathjax}} = Capacitance of the capacitor in the low-pass filter.
  Using a resistor with 1k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}} and a capacitor with 100 **nF **in capacitance, the cut-off frequency will be 1592 **Hz.**
@@ -193,9 +193,9 @@
  where:
--* {{mathjax}}\(x\){{/mathjax}} = The mechanical placement excluding the dead length (178mm).
--* {{mathjax}}\(V_s\){{/mathjax}}= The supply voltage of the linear potentiometer, in this case it is 3.3 {{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}}.
--* {{mathjax}}\(V_{out}\){{/mathjax}} = The output voltage of the linear potentiometer. ranging from 0.033{{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}} to 3.267{{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}}.
++* {{mathjax}}\(x\){{/mathjax}}  = The mechanical placement excluding the dead length (178mm).
++* {{mathjax}}\(V_s\){{/mathjax}} = The supply voltage of the linear potentiometer, in this case it is 3.3 {{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}}.
++* {{mathjax}}\(V_{out}\){{/mathjax}}  = The output voltage of the linear potentiometer. ranging from 0.033{{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}} to 3.267{{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}}.
  === Filtering ===
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
  The gearbox Temperature Sensor for AR26 will be the [[GAG10K3976B1>>https://www.te.com/en/product-GAG10K3976B1.html]], a NTC temperature probe which will be installed into a generic M5 bolt which is mounted on the upright in the wheel assembly. The thermistor will be connected in a voltage divider configuration where the thermistor is in the lower position so that the voltage lowers when the temperature increases.
--[[image:Oil_Temp_schematic.png||height="208" width="486"]]
++[[image:Oil_Temp_schematic.png||height="271" width="632"]]
  Knowing the beta constant of the thermistor, the equation for the temperature based on the voltage measured by the ADC inside microcontroller can be derived.
@@ -220,10 +220,10 @@
  Where:
--* {{mathjax}}\(R_f\){{/mathjax}}= The upper resistor in the voltage divider which stays fixed, which in this case is 1k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}}
--* {{mathjax}}\(V_{out}\){{/mathjax}}= The voltage over the thermistor, and the voltage that the microcontroller will measure.
--* {{mathjax}}\(V_{in}\){{/mathjax}}= The supply voltage of the voltage divider, which in this case is a constant 3.3 {{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}}
--* {{mathjax}}\(R_T\){{/mathjax}}= Resistance of the thermistor
++* {{mathjax}}\(R_f\){{/mathjax}} = The upper resistor in the voltage divider which stays fixed, which in this case is 1k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}}
++* {{mathjax}}\(V_{out}\){{/mathjax}} = The voltage over the thermistor, and the voltage that the microcontroller will measure.
++* {{mathjax}}\(V_{in}\){{/mathjax}} = The supply voltage of the voltage divider, which in this case is a constant 3.3 {{mathjax}}\(V\){{/mathjax}}
++* {{mathjax}}\(R_T\){{/mathjax}} = Resistance of the thermistor
  Knowing this, the resistance of the thermistor can be added into the following equation. This will determine the temperature of the thermistor based on the known resistance and the beta value of the thermistor.
@@ -238,21 +238,7 @@
  where:
--* {{mathjax}}\(\beta\){{/mathjax}}= material constant that defines the steepness of its resistance-temperature curve between two temperature points, usually 25/85 degrees celsius. In this case it is 3976 //**K.**//
--* {{mathjax}}\(T_0\){{/mathjax}}= The test temperature at which the thermistor is 10k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}}, which in this case is 25 degrees celsius.
--* {{mathjax}}\(R_0\){{/mathjax}}= The resistance of the thermistor when it is 25 degrees celsius.
--* {{mathjax}}\(R_T\){{/mathjax}}= The live resistance of the thermistor.
--
--=== Filtering ===
--
--The sensors output latency can be expected to be a lot shorter than the oil temperature sensor as the sensor is just a variable sensor based on placement. The limiting factor for the system which uses this information is the CAN-BUS messages from the inverters which send the information each 6.25 milliseconds. This means that the cut-off frequency cannot be any lower than 160 Hz, which will make the same type of low pass filter from the oil temperature sensor acceptable with a cut-off frequency of 1591 Hz.
--
--= Bill of Materials =
--
--== Circuit Board ==
--
--== Wiring Harness ==
--
--== Sensors ==
--
--
++* {{mathjax}}\(\beta\){{/mathjax}} = material constant that defines the steepness of its resistance-temperature curve between two temperature points, usually 25/85 degrees celsius. In this case it is 3976 //**K.**//
++* {{mathjax}}\(T_0\){{/mathjax}} = The test temperature at which the thermistor is 10k {{mathjax}}\(\Omega\){{/mathjax}}, which in this case is 25 degrees celsius.
++* {{mathjax}}\(R_0\){{/mathjax}} = The resistance of the thermistor when it is 25 degrees celsius.
++* {{mathjax}}\(R_T\){{/mathjax}} = The live resistance of the thermistor.

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